Onycholysis – The Foot Doctor

Onycholysis is a common nail disorder characterized by the separation of the nail from the nail bed, starting at the tip and progressing back towards the cuticle. This condition can affect both fingernails and toenails, leading to pain, discomfort, and potential secondary infections if left untreated.

Causes of Onycholysis

Trauma or Injury: Physical trauma, such as banging the nail or repetitive pressure, can cause onycholysis.
Fungal Infections: Infections such as onychomycosis can lead to the separation of the nail from the nail bed.
Psoriasis: This chronic skin condition can affect the nails, causing onycholysis.
Contact Dermatitis: Allergic reactions to nail cosmetics or chemicals can trigger the condition.
Systemic Diseases: Conditions like thyroid disease, anemia, and diabetes can be associated with onycholysis.
Medications: Certain medications, including chemotherapy agents, can cause the nails to separate.
Moisture Exposure: Prolonged exposure to water or damp environments can weaken the nail structure.
Nail Disorders: Other nail disorders, such as lichen planus, can cause onycholysis.

Symptoms of Onycholysis

Separation of the Nail: The nail separates from the nail bed, often starting at the tip.
Discoloration: The nail may change color (white, yellow, or green).
Changes in Nail Texture: The texture or thickness of the nail may change.
Pain or Discomfort: Pain or discomfort may occur, especially if the nail catches on objects.
Possible Foul Odor: If a secondary infection is present, there may be a foul odor.

Prevention of Onycholysis

Protect Nails from Trauma: Avoid activities that can cause injury to the nails. Use protective gloves when working with your hands.
Maintain Good Nail Hygiene: Keep nails clean, dry, and trimmed.
Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Minimize exposure to nail polish removers and other harsh chemicals.
Manage Underlying Conditions: Properly manage any systemic conditions that can contribute to onycholysis.
Limit Moisture Exposure: Dry hands and feet thoroughly after washing, and wear moisture-wicking socks.

Treatment of Onycholysis

Home Care

Keep the Affected Nail Dry: Ensure the nail remains dry and clean to prevent infection.
Trim the Separated Part: Trim the separated part of the nail to prevent it from catching on objects.
Avoid Nail Polish: Avoid using nail polish or artificial nails until the condition resolves.

Medical Treatment

Antifungal Treatments: If a fungal infection is the cause, topical or oral antifungal medications may be prescribed.
Corticosteroids: Topical corticosteroids can be used for inflammatory causes, such as psoriasis or dermatitis.
Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is present, antibiotics may be necessary.
Address Underlying Conditions: Treating systemic diseases like thyroid disorders or anemia can help resolve onycholysis.

Seek Medical Attention If:

The condition worsens or does not improve with home care.
There are signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or pus.
You have an underlying condition that may be contributing to the nail disorder.
The separation involves a large part of the nail or multiple nails.

Onycholysis can be a distressing condition, but with proper care and treatment, it is often manageable. Preventive measures and early intervention are key to avoiding complications. If you experience persistent or severe symptoms, professional medical treatment can provide relief and address the underlying causes. For expert diagnosis and treatment, visit The Foot Doctor and consult with our experienced podiatrists. For more information on onycholysis and professional foot care, contact The Foot Doctor today and schedule an appointment.