Paronychia – The Foot Doctor

Paronychia is a common nail condition characterized by an infection of the skin surrounding a fingernail or toenail. It can be acute or chronic, depending on the duration and cause of the infection. Acute paronychia typically develops rapidly, while chronic paronychia persists for longer periods and can recur frequently.

Causes of Paronychia

Bacterial Infection: Acute paronychia is often caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus species, usually following an injury to the nail area.
Fungal Infection: Chronic paronychia is commonly caused by Candida species and other fungi.
Injury or Trauma: Cuts, hangnails, or excessive nail biting can introduce bacteria or fungi, leading to infection.
Moisture Exposure: Prolonged exposure to water or moist environments can weaken the skin around the nails, making it more susceptible to infection.
Chemical Irritants: Frequent exposure to harsh chemicals, detergents, or solvents can damage the skin around the nails, leading to paronychia.
Underlying Skin Conditions: Conditions such as eczema or psoriasis can increase the risk of developing paronychia.

Symptoms of Paronychia

Redness and Swelling: Redness and swelling around the nail.
Pain and Tenderness: Pain and tenderness in the affected area.
Pus-Filled Blisters: Pus-filled blisters or abscesses may develop.
Changes in Nail Shape or Color: Changes in nail shape or color may occur.
Separation of the Nail: In severe cases, the nail may separate from the nail bed.

Prevention of Paronychia

Protect Your Nails: Avoid biting nails or picking at the skin around them. Wear gloves when doing activities that involve water or chemicals.
Maintain Good Nail Hygiene: Keep nails trimmed, clean, and dry.
Moisturize Regularly: Use hand creams or moisturizers to keep the skin around your nails healthy.
Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Limit exposure to irritants by wearing protective gloves.
Treat Underlying Conditions: Manage skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis effectively.

Treatment of Paronychia

Home Care

Soak the Affected Area: Soak the affected area in warm water several times a day to reduce swelling and pain.
Keep the Area Clean: Ensure the area remains clean and dry.
Avoid Nail Polish: Avoid using nail polish or artificial nails until the infection resolves.

Medical Treatment

Antibiotics: Oral or topical antibiotics may be prescribed for bacterial infections.
Antifungal Medications: Topical antifungal creams or oral antifungal drugs may be used for fungal infections.
Drainage: In cases where an abscess forms, a doctor may need to drain the pus.
Corticosteroids: Topical steroids can help reduce inflammation in chronic paronychia.
Surgical Intervention: In severe cases, part of the nail may need to be removed.

Seek Medical Attention If:

The condition worsens or does not improve with home care.
There are signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or pus.
You have an underlying condition that may be contributing to the nail disorder.
The infection involves a large area or multiple nails.

Paronychia can be a painful and disruptive condition, but with proper care and treatment, it is usually manageable. Preventive measures, such as maintaining good nail hygiene and protecting your nails from injury and moisture, are essential. For persistent or severe cases, professional medical treatment is necessary to avoid complications. For expert diagnosis and treatment, visit The Foot Doctor and consult with our experienced podiatrists. For more information on paronychia and professional foot care, contact The Foot Doctor today and schedule an appointment.