Nail Psoriasis – The Foot Doctor

Nail psoriasis is a common condition affecting individuals with psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune disease. It leads to various changes in the appearance and texture of the fingernails and toenails. Nail psoriasis can cause discomfort and impact the quality of life, making early diagnosis and management crucial.

Causes of Nail Psoriasis

Autoimmune Response: Nail psoriasis is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy nail cells, leading to abnormal nail growth and appearance.
Genetics: A family history of psoriasis increases the risk of developing nail psoriasis.
Environmental Factors: Certain triggers such as infections, stress, and injuries can exacerbate psoriasis symptoms, including those affecting the nails.

Symptoms of Nail Psoriasis

Pitting: Small depressions or dents on the nail surface.
Discoloration: Nails may turn yellow, brown, or white.
Thickening: Nails may become thick and overgrown.
Onycholysis: Separation of the nail from the nail bed.
Subungual Hyperkeratosis: Build-up of skin cells under the nail, causing it to lift and appear raised.
Crumbling: Nails may become brittle and crumble easily.
Redness and Inflammation: Surrounding skin may appear red and inflamed.

Prevention of Nail Psoriasis

Maintain Good Nail Hygiene: Keep nails clean, trimmed, and dry to prevent infections.
Avoid Nail Trauma: Protect nails from injury and avoid biting or picking at them.
Moisturize Regularly: Use moisturizers to keep nails and surrounding skin hydrated.
Manage Psoriasis Triggers: Identify and manage triggers such as stress, infections, and skin injuries.
Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Minimize exposure to irritants and chemicals that can worsen nail psoriasis.

Treatment of Nail Psoriasis

Topical Treatments

Corticosteroids: Apply steroid creams or ointments to reduce inflammation and slow nail changes.
Vitamin D Analogues: Topical treatments like calcipotriol can help manage nail psoriasis.
Tazarotene: A topical retinoid that can improve nail appearance.

Systemic Treatments

Biologics: Medications that target specific parts of the immune system, often used for severe cases.
Methotrexate: An immunosuppressant that can help control severe psoriasis symptoms.
Cyclosporine: Another immunosuppressant used for severe nail psoriasis.

Phototherapy

PUVA Therapy: Combines a drug called psoralen with UVA light to treat nail psoriasis.

Home Care

Nail Soaks: Soak nails in warm water and Epsom salts to reduce discomfort.
Protective Measures: Wear gloves when doing household chores to protect nails.

Surgical Intervention

Nail Removal: In severe cases, partial or complete removal of the affected nail may be necessary to allow a new, healthier nail to grow.

Nail psoriasis can significantly impact the appearance and function of the nails, but with proper care and treatment, it can be managed effectively. Early intervention, maintaining good nail hygiene, and avoiding triggers are crucial in preventing and minimizing symptoms. For expert diagnosis and personalized treatment, visit The Foot Doctor and consult with our experienced podiatrists.